Management of information through an interactive voice response system the prospect of religious domain

This paper explores the potential of using an interactive voice response system to maange information in institutions of religious domain. We first explain the terminologies involved such as an interactive voice response system, computer telephony integration, information management, and religious domain. Then we look at how information is managed through an interactive voice response system. IVR application supports two kinds of communications, i.e. real time communication and message type communication. Users could make either a real time communication or a message type communication as needed. Real time communication includes accessing databases in order to get instant and updated information within the real time during the call is made through the system. Message type communication includes voice mail application using telephone recording. The suitability of using interactive voice response for institution of religious domain is studied, and we also describe a few options for the implementation of the system

Publishing Mathematics On The Web A Survey Of Simple, Inexpensive Methods.

There are a variety of approaches and technologies for publishing mathematics document on the Internet. In this paper we highlight three different methods, which have different purposes and applications. They are: direct embedding in HTML, page-oriented format, and advanced markup languages. The first method is suitable for integrating mathematical expression with other media such as movies, sounds, interactivity, data access, etc. The second method is used when we want post mathematical material in a form that is as close as possible to the original format, such as for printing or display locally. The last method is especially useful for integrating mathematical material with other Web technology, such as scripting languages. There are many tools available for authoring mathematical expression with little or no cost. The main tools are needed for encoding and validating HTML, CSS, XML, and MathML documents. Authoring mathematical document also needs an equation editor for creating mathematical expression. Other tools are needed for editing and converting mathematical document to eBooks format, such as PDF, LIT, HLP, and CHM generator

A Comparative Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering Method to Cluster Implemented Course

There are many clustering methods, such as hierarchical clustering method. Most of the approaches to the clustering of variables encountered in the literature are of hierarchical type. The great majority of hierarchical approaches to the clustering of variables are of agglomerative nature. The agglomerative hierarchical approach to clustering starts with each observation as its own cluster and then continually groups the observations into increasingly larger groups. Higher Learning Institution (HLI) provides training to introduce final-year students to the real working environment. In this research will use Euclidean single linkage and complete linkage. MATLAB and HCE 3.5 software will used to train data and cluster course implemented during industrial training. This study indicates that different method will create a different number of clusters.Comment: 6 pages, 10 figures, published on Journal of Computing, Volume 2, Issue 12, December 201

Influence of substrate annealing on inducing Ti3+ and oxygen vacancy in TiO2 thin films deposited via RF magnetron sputtering

Nano-crystalline TiO2 has been prepared by RF magnetron sputtering at varied substrate temperatures ranging from 200 to 500 °C. The alteration of oxygen and titanium atom in TiO2 at uppermost surface is clearly observed on the effect of annealing temperature by Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES) technique. The measurement of peak to peak value of Ti and O transition line at 400 °C indicates the surface chemical state of O2 in TiO2 thin films defect at surface and Fermi level was analyzed using the X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The Ti 2p observation of pre and post surface treatment shows the concentration of Ti3+ is seven times higher after post sputtered for sample 200 °C. Ti3+ decrease by increasing temperature. The Ti3+-oxygen vacancy which also assigned as Ti2O3 occurred in all sample, yet sample deposited at 400 °C gives nearest binding energy for Ti2O3. This observation also supported by The Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis which shows highest total ion count for positive polarity is O+ for sample at 300 °C and Ti ion dominant is Ti2O3 + for sample at 400 °C. Based on the analyses, it is clearly seen that high defect of Ti3+-oxygen vacancy which is located between surface layer and fermi level state, this defect levels was created at surface layer at low annealing temperature. However, increasing temperature leads to defect creation on bellow surface layer which consider as within fermi level laye

Developmental potential of mouse single blastomere derived from isolated 2-, 4- and 8- cell embryos into blastocyst and Inner Cell Mass (ICM) uutgrowths

The application of blastomere separation (BS) technique to produce embryonic stem cell (ESC) from inner cell mass (ICM) is not yet perfected due to low cleavage efficiency of single blastomere. Thefore, the aims of this study were to evaluate the developmental potential of single blastomere (SB) derived from embryos at different stages to blastocyst and the potential of ICM outgrowth. The female mice of ICR strain (age: 8-12 weeks; n=47) were superovulated using gonadotrophins and mated with ICR strain males (age: 10-14 weeks; n=20). The 2-cell embryos (n=366) were flushed from the oviduct of the treated females and cultured in vitro before assigned into the following groups: a) 2-cell, b) 4-cell, c) 8-cell and d) control prior blastomere separation. The SBs were cultured in vitro and daily observations were conducted to record the cleavage rates up to Day 5. Developmental rate of 2-cell derived SB (77.28±6.77) was greater than 4-cell (63.70±5.35) and 8-cell (55.73±3.35), corresponding to the results of ICM outgrowth at 2-cell (69.29±4.13), gave higher rate followed by 4-cell (55.73±7.81) and 8-cell (41.85±3.58). Diameter of blastocyst decreased as the SB parent embryo stage increased, with the respective ratio of 5 (diameter of SB blastocyst): 3 (diameter of SB) (2-cell: 92.55±1.59 vs. 56.48±0.40; 4-cell: 78.71±1.37 vs. 44.02±0.49 and 8-cell: 64.13±2.20 vs. 35.68±0.34) as well as total cell number in blastocyst (2-cell: 43.00±1.48; 4-cell: 28.33±1.15; 8-cell: 8.80±0.58). In conclusion, SB at different stages of mouse embryos successfully develop to blastocysts in vitro that can be used as ICM source, which is a prerequisite for establishment of ESC outgrowth

Clustering high dimensional data using subspace and projected clustering algorithms

Problem statement: Clustering has a number of techniques that have been developed in statistics, pattern recognition, data mining, and other fields. Subspace clustering enumerates clusters of objects in all subspaces of a dataset. It tends to produce many over lapping clusters. Approach: Subspace clustering and projected clustering are research areas for clustering in high dimensional spaces. In this research we experiment three clustering oriented algorithms, PROCLUS, P3C and STATPC. Results: In general, PROCLUS performs better in terms of time of calculation and produced the least number of un-clustered data while STATPC outperforms PROCLUS and P3C in the accuracy of both cluster points and relevant attributes found. Conclusions/Recommendations: In this study, we analyze in detail the properties of different data clustering method.Comment: 9 pages, 6 figure

Criteria for developing banking interactive voice response user interface

The goal of this paper was to facilitate the evolution of a usable and consistent style of user interface for IVR banking purpose. The idea was to designed an IVR banking user interface to help the customers, the banks and other interested parties to access banking telephony services. In so doing, telephone-based user interface cases for banking purposes were gathered through far-reaching library search and on-line questionnaires. The results were used to develop draft guidelines. Following that, extensive structured interviews with audio-based user interface experts as well as experienced IVR banking users were carried out in order to validate the guidelines and to produce the user interface scripts. This method provides an effective way of collecting primary data by directly taking into account the target audiences’ view, opinion and perspective. At the end of the project we manage to table most aspects of telephone-based user interface that should be considered for developing IVR banking user interface. The outcome was used in designing IVR banking user interface hypotheses. This paper also illustrates how the general hypotheses obtained, provides guidance for script development which then enables the translation of those hypotheses into actual scripts by categorizing them into three types of interactions, namely messages, prompts, and information. The hypotheses and the actual IVR banking scripts were significant contribution to the IVR banking systems developers, the banks, and certainly, the field of audio-based human-computer interactions (HCI)

Banking technology in Malaysia based on the interactive voice response system: A measurement of preparedness for e-commerce

The objective of this paper is to provide a clear picture about the awareness among banking customers towards virtual banking, and the implementation of interactive voice response (IVR) banking technology in Malaysia. The result of this study can be used as an important reference material to the banks for the purpose of measuring customer’s preparedness towards phone banking as one of the popular method of e-commerce. The methods used for data collection were library search, questionnaires and interview. The respondents consisted of two groups: bank’s customers, and commercial banks, which implemented the IVR system. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings highlighted the following issues: (1) customers' profile and the profile of the commercial banks implementing IVR system; (2) the benefit of the system as viewed by the customers and the banks; (3) the cost of accessing the system; (4) the channel of accessing the bank services; (5) the kind of IVR banking services offered; (6) service charges; (7) the developer of the system and the configuration/technology used; and (8) the future of IVR banking. The results revealed that the IVR banking attracted younger customers who believed that this method of banking could increase the customer service and satisfaction because the system can be accessed at any time. However, accessing the bank services via telephone is not the most popular channel of banking. The most popular services are balance inquiry and bills payments. Almost all IVR banking customers found that banking by phone is a lot cheaper, whereas non-IVR customers believe otherwise. Configuration, technology, lines support, hardware and software supports do not differ very much from one bank to another. They use a model, which is quite similar although not the same. To date, accessing the IVR banking services does not incur extra charges, except for third party bill payments. Based on the findings, the future of IVR banking in Malaysia is definitely bright, thus it is considered as a booster for e-commerce in this country